Peripheral Vascular Ultrasound: How, Why and When

This book explores the basic scientific principles, theory, and techniques associated with peripheral vascular ultrasound and blood flow. It clearly explains how to interpret color images and Doppler spectra, as well as how to optimize scanner controls for the most effective results. Chapters include descriptions of vascular disorders, carotid duplex ultrasound, lower and upper limb arterial and venous assessment, ultrasound assessment of aneurysms, graft surveillance and pre-operative vein marking, and more. Clinical chapters also contain current criteria for grading disease. The latest technological advances, such as harmonic imaging and compound imaging, are integrated with an emphasis on safety.Practical, step-by-step guidance on scanning shows how to perform specific procedures.Discussions of ultrasound physics are directly tied to applications for scanning and assessing blood flow.High-quality line drawings and images show how to perform the scan and what practitioners can expect to see.Basic scientific principles of ultrasound instrumentation and blood flow are discussed.Limitations and pitfalls of techniques are presented.Thoroughly up-to-date information has been incorporated throughout.New images bring important concepts to life.Relevant content on providing a vascular ultrasound service has been integrated into the chapter on Reoptimising the Scan (chapter 7), with practical advice on approaching the scan and the patient.A new section is devoted to endovascular aortic grafts and arterial stents.Most scan images have been revised to reflect contemporary practice.Assessment of thoracic outlet syndrome is discussed in more detail.Material on scanning for venous insufficiency has been comprehensively revised.